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Interstitial Lung Diseases

Interstitial Lung Diseases (ILDs) are a group of chronic lung disorders that cause inflammation and/or fibrosis (scarring) of the lung interstitium — the supportive tissue around the alveoli (air sacs). This scarring stiffens the lungs, making it harder for oxygen to pass into the bloodstream and for the lungs to expand properly, leading to progressive breathlessness.

ILD is not one disease, but a term that encompasses over 200 different pulmonary disorders, some of known cause and others idiopathic (unknown cause).

Common Symptoms

• Progressive shortness of breath (especially on exertion)
• Dry, persistent cough
• Fatigue
• Weight loss
• Clubbing of fingers (in chronic cases)
• Inspiratory “Velcro” crackles on auscultation